SimpleTrigger should meet your scheduling needs if you need to have a job execute exactly once at a specific moment in time, or at a specific moment in time followed by repeats at a specific interval. For example, if you want the trigger to fire at exactly 11:23:54 AM on January 13, 2005, and then fire five more times, every ten seconds.
With this description, you may not find it surprising to find that the properties of a SimpleTrigger include: a start-time, and end-time, a repeat count, and a repeat interval. All of these properties are exactly what you’d expect them to be, with only a couple special notes related to the end-time property.
The repeat count can be zero, a positive integer, or the constant value SimpleTrigger.REPEAT_INDEFINITELY. The repeat interval property must be zero, or a positive long value, and represents a number of milliseconds. Note that a repeat interval of zero will cause ‘repeat count’ firings of the trigger to happen concurrently (or as close to concurrently as the scheduler can manage).
If you’re not already familiar with the java.util.Calendar class, you may find it helpful for computing your trigger fire-times, depending on the startTime (or endTime) that you’re trying to create. The org.quartz.helpers.TriggerUtils class is also helpful in this respect.
The endTime property (if it is specified) overrides the repeat count property. This can be useful if you wish to create a trigger such as one that fires every 10 seconds until a given moment in time - rather than having to compute the number of times it would repeat between the start-time and the end-time, you can simply specify the end-time and then use a repeat count of REPEAT_INDEFINITELY (you could even specify a repeat count of some huge number that is sure to be more than the number of times the trigger will actually fire before the end-time arrives).
SimpleTrigger has a few different constructors, but we’ll examine this one, and use it in the few examples that follow:
One Of SimpleTrigger’s Constructors:
public SimpleTrigger(String name,
String group,
Date startTime,
Date endTime,
int repeatCount,
long repeatInterval)
SimpleTrigger Example 1 - Create a trigger that fires exactly once, ten seconds from now
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 10000L;
SimpleTrigger trigger = new SimpleTrigger("myTrigger",
null,
new Date(startTime),
null,
0,
0L);
SimpleTrigger Example 2 - Create a trigger that fires immediately, then repeats every 60 seconds, forever
SimpleTrigger trigger = new SimpleTrigger("myTrigger",
null,
new Date(),
null,
SimpleTrigger.REPEAT_INDEFINITELY,
60L * 1000L);
SimpleTrigger Example 3 - Create a trigger that fires immediately, then repeats every 10 seconds until 40 seconds from now
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 40000L;
SimpleTrigger trigger = new SimpleTrigger("myTrigger",
"myGroup",
new Date(),
new Date(endTime),
SimpleTrigger.REPEAT_INDEFINITELY,
10L * 1000L);
SimpleTrigger Example 4 - Create a trigger that fires on March 17 of the year 2002 at precisely 10:30 am, and repeats 5 times (for a total of 6 firings) - with a 30 second delay between each firing
java.util.Calendar cal = new java.util.GregorianCalendar(2002, cal.MARCH, 17);
cal.set(cal.HOUR, 10);
cal.set(cal.MINUTE, 30);
cal.set(cal.SECOND, 0);
cal.set(cal.MILLISECOND, 0);
Data startTime = cal.getTime()
SimpleTrigger trigger = new SimpleTrigger("myTrigger",
null,
startTime,
null,
5,
30L * 1000L);
Spend some time looking at the other constructors (and property setters) available on SimpleTrigger, so that you can use the one most convenient to what you want to accomplish.
SimpleTrigger has several instructions that can be used to inform Quartz what it should do when a misfire occurs. (Misfire situations were introduced in the More About Triggers section of this tutorial). These instructions are defined as constants on SimpleTrigger itself (including JavaDoc describing their behavior). The instructions include:
Misfire Instruction Constants of SimpleTrigger
MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_FIRE_NOW MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NOW_WITH_EXISTING_REPEAT_COUNT MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NOW_WITH_REMAINING_REPEAT_COUNT MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NEXT_WITH_REMAINING_COUNT MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_RESCHEDULE_NEXT_WITH_EXISTING_COUNT
You should recall from the earlier lessons that all triggers have the Trigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_SMART_POLICY instruction available for use, and this instruction is also the default for all trigger types.
If the ‘smart policy’ instruction is used, SimpleTrigger dynamically chooses between its various MISFIRE instructions, based on the configuration and state of the given SimpleTrigger instance. The JavaDoc for the SimpleTrigger.updateAfterMisfire() method explains the exact details of this dynamic behavior.